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Record 1
from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Effects of aluminum on plasma
membrane as revealed by analysis of
alkaline band formation in internodal
cells of Chara corallina.
- Author
- Takano M; Shimmen T
- Address
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty
of Science, Himeji Institute of
Technology, Harima Science Park City,
Hyogo, Japan.
- Source
- Cell Struct Funct, 1999 Jun, 24:3,
131-7
- Abstract
- To study the mechanism of aluminum
toxicity in plant cells, the effects
of aluminum on alkaline band formation
were analyzed in the internodal cells
of Chara. After cells were treated
with AlCl3, they were examined for
their capacity to develop alkaline
bands. Treating cells with AlCl3
medium at pH 4.5 completely inhibited
alkaline band formation. When either
CaCl2 or malic acid was added to the
AlCl3 medium (pH 4.5), it did not
produce an ameliorative effect,
whereas addition of both CaCl2 and
malic acid induced a significant
ameliorative effect. It was found that
treatment at pH 4.5 in the absence of
AlCl3 strongly inhibited alkaline band
formation. This inhibition by the low
pH (4.5) treatment was effectively
ameliorated by CaCl2. At higher pH
(5.0), malic acid alone produced a
significant ameliorative effect on
aluminum inhibition of alkaline band
formation, but CaCl2 did not. Recovery
from aluminum inhibition was also
studied. When cells treated with AlCl3
at pH 4.5 were incubated in artificial
pond water, they could not recover the
capacity to develop alkaline band.
When either malic acid or CaCl2 was
added to artificial pond water, cells
recovered their alkaline band
formation. It was concluded that one
of the primary targets of aluminum is
the plasma membrane and that aluminum
affects the plasma membrane from the
cell exterior at the beginning of the
treatment (within 24 h). It was also
suggested that the aluminum treatment
impairs the HCO3- influx mechanism but
not the OH- efflux mechanism.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 99389271
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Algae|CH/*DE/*PH; Aluminum|*PD; Cell
Membrane|*DE; Giant Cells|*DE/ME; Ion
Transport|*DE/PH
- MeSH Heading
- Calcium|ME; Calcium Chloride|ME;
Cells, Cultured; Cytoplasm|ME;
Electrophysiology; Hydrogen-Ion
Concentration; Hydroxides|ME;
Malates|ME; Soil Pollutants|ME; Time
Factors
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0386-7196
- Country of Publication
- JAPAN
Record 2
from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Comparative effects of several
chelating agents on the toxicity,
distribution and excretion of
aluminium.
- Author
- Domingo JL; Gómez M; Llobet JM;
Corbella J
- Address
- Laboratory of Toxicology and
Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Reus,
Spain.
- Source
- Hum Toxicol, 1988 May, 7:3, 259-62
- Abstract
- The relative efficacy of citric,
malic, malonic, oxalic and succinic
acids, and deferoxamine mesylate (DFOA)
on the toxicity, distribution and
excretion in mice exposed to aluminum
were compared. Chelating agents were
administered intraperitoneally at a
dose equal to one-fourth of their
respective LD50. To determine the
effect of the various chelators on the
toxicity of aluminum, various doses of
aluminum nitrate (938-3188 mg/kg) were
administered intraperitoneally,
followed by one of the chelators.
Survival was recorded at the end of 14
days. Malic and succinic acids were
the most effective. Malic acid and
DFOA were the most effective in
increasing the urinary excretion of
aluminum. Citric acid was the most
effective in increasing the faecal
excretion of aluminum. Malonic, oxalic
and succinic acids had no overall
beneficial effects. Citric acid would
appear to be the most effective agent
of those tested in the prevention of
acute aluminium intoxication. However,
before the use of these compounds in
human aluminium intoxication is
possible, further investigations
including the effects of these
chelators after chronic aluminium
intoxication are required.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88272319
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Aluminum|ME/PK/*TO/UR; Chelating
Agents|*PD
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Citrates|PD; Malates|PD;
Male; Malonates|PD; Mice; Oxalates|PD;
Succinates|PD; Support, Non-U.S.
Gov't; Time Factors; Tissue
Distribution
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0144-5952
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
Record 3
from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Influence of some dietary
constituents on aluminum absorption
and retention in rats.
- Author
- Domingo JL; Gomez M; Llobet JM;
Corbella J
- Address
- Laboratory of Toxicology and
Biochemistry, School of Medicine,
University of Barcelona, Reus, Spain.
- Source
- Kidney Int, 1991 Apr, 39:4, 598-601
- Abstract
- Eight groups of female
Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with
281 mg Al(OH)3/kg/day by gastric
intubation five times a week for five
weeks. Concurrently, animals in seven
groups received ascorbic acid (56.3
mg/kg/day), citric acid (62
mg/kg/day), gluconic acid (62.7
mg/kg/day), lactic acid (28.8
mg/kg/day), malic acid (42.9
mg/kg/day), oxalic acid (28.8
mg/kg/day), and tartaric acid (48
mg/kg/day) in the drinking water. The
eighth group did not receive any
dietary constituent in the water and
was designated as the control group.
Animals were placed in plastic
metabolic cages and urine was
collected during the treatment period.
The liver, spleen, kidney, brain and
bone aluminum levels of each rat were
measured, as well as the total amount
of aluminum excreted into urine. All
the dietary constituents significantly
increased the aluminum concentrations
in most of the tissues, with ascorbic
and citric acids showing the highest
rate of aluminum accumulation. In
contrast, no significant differences
between control and treated rats were
observed in the concentrations of
aluminum excreted into urine. In view
of these results, we suggest that the
effects of the simultaneous ingestion
of aluminum hydroxide and those
dietary constituents in uremic animals
should be evaluated. Meanwhile, the
diet of uremic patients should be
carefully monitored.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 91269674
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Aluminum|*PK/TO; Diet|*
- MeSH Heading
- Acids|AD; Aluminum Hydroxide|AD;
Animal; Chelating Agents|AD;
Citrates|AD; Female; Intestinal
Absorption|DE; Rats; Rats, Inbred
Strains; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't;
Tissue Distribution
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0085-2538
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 4
from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Effect of various dietary
constituents on gastrointestinal
absorption of aluminum from drinking
water and diet.
- Author
- Domingo JL; Gomez M; Sanchez DJ;
Llobet JM; Corbella J
- Address
- Laboratory of Toxicology and
Biochemistry, School of Medicine,
University of Barcelona, Reus, Spain.
- Source
- Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol,
1993 Mar, 79:3, 377-80
- Abstract
- The influence of some frequent
dietary constituents on
gastrointestinal absorption of
aluminum from drinking water and diet
was investigated in mice. Eight groups
of male mice received lactic (57.6
mg/kg/day), tartaric (96 mg/kg/day),
gluconic (125.4 mg/kg/day), malic
(85.8 mg/kg/day), succinic (75.6
mg/kg/day), ascorbic (112.6
mg/kg/day), citric (124 mg/kg/day),
and oxalic (80.6 mg/kg/day) acids in
the drinking water for one month. At
the end of this period, animals were
killed and aluminum concentrations in
liver, spleen, kidney, brain, and bone
were determined. All the dietary
constituents significantly increased
the aluminum levels in bone, whereas
brain aluminum concentrations were
also raised by the intake of lactic,
gluconic, malic, citric, and oxalic
acids. The levels of aluminum found in
spleen were significantly increased by
gluconic and ascorbic acids, whereas
gluconic and oxalic acids also raised
the concentrations of aluminum found
in kidneys. Because of the wide
presence and consumption of the above
dietary constituents, in order to
prevent aluminum accumulation and
toxicity we suggest a drastic
limitation of human exposure to
aluminum.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 93242227
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Aluminum|ME/*PK/TO; Carboxylic
Acids|*PD; Intestinal Absorption|*DE
- MeSH Heading
- Alzheimer Disease|CI; Animal; Bone
and Bones|ME; Brain|ME; Chelating
Agents|PD; Citrates|PD; Diet; Gastric
Acid|ME; Gluconates|PD; Lactates|PD;
Malates|PD; Male; Mice; Oxalates|PD;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Tissue
Distribution; Water Supply|AN
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0034-5164
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 5 from database: MEDLINE
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full text for this document
- Title
- Effect of various dietary
constituents on gastrointestinal
absorption of aluminum from drinking
water and diet.
- Author
- Domingo JL; Gomez M; Sanchez DJ;
Llobet JM; Corbella J
- Address
- Laboratory of Toxicology and
Biochemistry, School of Medicine,
University of Barcelona, Reus, Spain.
- Source
- Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol,
1993 Mar, 79:3, 377-80
- Abstract
- The influence of some frequent
dietary constituents on
gastrointestinal absorption of
aluminum from drinking water and diet
was investigated in mice. Eight groups
of male mice received lactic (57.6
mg/kg/day), tartaric (96 mg/kg/day),
gluconic (125.4 mg/kg/day), malic
(85.8 mg/kg/day), succinic (75.6
mg/kg/day), ascorbic (112.6
mg/kg/day), citric (124 mg/kg/day),
and oxalic (80.6 mg/kg/day) acids in
the drinking water for one month. At
the end of this period, animals were
killed and aluminum concentrations in
liver, spleen, kidney, brain, and bone
were determined. All the dietary
constituents significantly increased
the aluminum levels in bone, whereas
brain aluminum concentrations were
also raised by the intake of lactic,
gluconic, malic, citric, and oxalic
acids. The levels of aluminum found in
spleen were significantly increased by
gluconic and ascorbic acids, whereas
gluconic and oxalic acids also raised
the concentrations of aluminum found
in kidneys. Because of the wide
presence and consumption of the above
dietary constituents, in order to
prevent aluminum accumulation and
toxicity we suggest a drastic
limitation of human exposure to
aluminum.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 93242227
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Aluminum|ME/*PK/TO; Carboxylic
Acids|*PD; Intestinal Absorption|*DE
- MeSH Heading
- Alzheimer Disease|CI; Animal; Bone
and Bones|ME; Brain|ME; Chelating
Agents|PD; Citrates|PD; Diet; Gastric
Acid|ME; Gluconates|PD; Lactates|PD;
Malates|PD; Male; Mice; Oxalates|PD;
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Tissue
Distribution; Water Supply|AN
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0034-5164
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 6
from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Citric, malic and succinic acids as
possible alternatives to deferoxamine
in aluminum toxicity.
- Author
- Domingo JL; Gómez M; Llobet JM;
Corbella J
- Address
- Laboratory of Toxicology &
Biochemistry, School of Medicine,
University of Barcelona, Reus, Spain.
- Source
- J Toxicol Clin Toxicol, 1988,
26:1-2, 67-79
- Abstract
- The effect of repeated
intraperitoneal administration of
deferoxamine, citric, malic and
succinic acids on the distribution and
excretion of aluminum was determined
in male Swiss mice which had
previously received aluminum nitrate
intraperitoneally at a daily dose of
0.27 mmol/kg for five weeks. Chelating
agents were administered for two weeks
at doses approximately equal to
one-fourth of their respective LD50.
Treatment with DFOA, citric, malic or
succinic acids significantly increased
the fecal and urinary excretion of
aluminum and reduced the concentration
of aluminum found in various organs
and tissues, with citric acid being
the most effective. In sight of these
results, citric, malic or succinic
acids may be considered as
alternatives to deferoxamine in
aluminum toxicity. However, further
investigations are required previous
to the possible use of these compounds
in human aluminum poisoning.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88259344
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Aluminum|PK/*TO; Citrates|AD/*TU;
Deferoxamine|*TU; Malates|AD/*TU;
Succinates|AD/*TU
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Brain Chemistry; Comparative
Study; Feces|AN; Injections,
Intraperitoneal; Kidney|AN; Liver|AN;
Male; Mice; Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0731-3810
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 7
from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Acute toxicity studies of aluminium
compounds: antidotal efficacy of
several chelating agents.
- Author
- Llobet JM; Domingo JL; Gómez M; Tomás
JM; Corbella J
- Address
-
- Source
- Pharmacol Toxicol, 1987 Apr, 60:4,
280-3
- Abstract
- Four aluminum compounds--nitrate,
chloride, sulphate and bromide--were
administered orally and
intraperitoneally to rats and mice.
The LD50-values (14 days) were
determined. The majority of deaths
occurring during the first four days.
The clinical and physical signs
appearing after intoxication include
among other lethargy, decreased
locomotor activity, piloerection,
weight loss and perorbital bleeding.
After 14 days no alterations in liver
and renal functions were detected in
the animals which received
intraperitoneally the LD50-values of
aluminum nitrate as a single dose.
Aluminum concentrations were highest
in liver and spleen. No
histopathological lesions could be
observed. To compare the efficacies of
nine chelating agents on the toxicity
of aluminum in mice, the therapeutic
index and the therapeutic
effectiveness of each chelating agent
have been calculated. Malic, succinic,
oxalic and malonic acids showed the
best results with malic and succinic
acids being the most effective.
Deferoxamine mesylate (DFOA), sodium
salicylate, L-cysteine and citric acid
were not so effective as antidotes for
acute aluminum toxicity. Aurin
tricarboxylic acid (ATCA) should not
be used due to its high toxicity.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 87231583
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Aluminum|AI/*TO; Chelating Agents|*TU
- MeSH Heading
- Animal; Antidotes; Bromides|TO;
Chlorides|TO; Comparative Study;
Female; Lethal Dose 50; Male; Mice;
Nitrates|TO; Rats; Rats, Inbred
Strains; Sulfates|TO
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0901-9928
- Country of Publication
- DENMARK
Record 8
from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Why aluminum phosphate is less toxic
than aluminum hydroxide.
- Author
- Berthon G; Daydé S
- Address
- Inserm U305, Equipe BiorÆeactifs:
SpÆeciation et BiodisponibilitÆe,
UniversitÆe Paul Sabatier, Toulouse,
France.
- Source
- J Am Coll Nutr, 1992 Jun, 11:3,
340-8
- Abstract
- Initially characterized in uremic
patients undergoing hemodialysis,
toxic effects due to high aluminum
(Al) body loads were subsequently
observed in a number of conditions, in
particular following ingestion of
Al-containing antacids. Among
compounds of this class, aluminum
phosphate (AlPO4) was recognized as
safer than aluminum hydroxide
(Al(OH)3), which was thought to result
from its lower solubility and thus
absorption in the gastrointestinal (gi)
tract. However, while virtually
insoluble at acid pH, AlPO4 is more
soluble than Al(OH)3 under alkaline
conditions, leading to the hypothesis
that Al is predominantly absorbed in
the acidic region of the gi tract. Our
present results suggest otherwise. Al
bioavailability depends on the
solubility of the salt ingested as
well as on the physicochemical
properties of the Al soluble complexes
formed in the gi fluid. Anions of
dietary acids may indeed dissolve
significant fractions of Al salts and
form absorbable Al complexes. It is in
these terms that the well documented
increase of Al gi absorption by
citrate has been interpreted from
computer-based speciation studies.
Using similar calculations, we now
demonstrate that a series of dietary
acids (namely malic, oxalic, tartaric,
succinic, aspartic and glutamic acids)
can also dissolve significant amounts
of Al(OH)3 and form Al neutral
complexes available to the gi
membrane. In contrast, both effects
are far less apparent when Al is
administered as AlPO4. We conclude
from this observation that the lower
toxicity of AlPO4 vs Al(OH)3 stems
from its better capacity to resist
dissolution and neutral complex
formation in the presence of acids
commonly present in food.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 92317541
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Aluminum|PK/*TO; Aluminum
Hydroxide|PK/*TO; Phosphates|PK/*TO
- MeSH Heading
- Antacids|PD; Biological
Availability; Comparative Study;
Computer Simulation; Human;
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Support,
Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW,
ACADEMIC
- ISSN
- 0731-5724
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record 9
from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- The use of chelating agents in the
treatment of aluminum overload.
- Author
- Domingo JL
- Address
- Laboratory of Toxicology and
Biochemistry, School of Medicine,
University of Barcelona, Reus, Spain.
- Source
- J Toxicol Clin Toxicol, 1989, 27:6,
355-67
- Abstract
- Desferrioxamine (DFO), traditionally
used as an iron chelator has been
shown to increase urinary aluminum
output in humans and aluminum-loaded
mice, rats and rabbits. However, major
side-effects of DFO treatment have
been observed and the drug may
accumulate in dialysis patients
receiving repeated doses. In recent
years, it has been reported that some
dicarboxylic or tricarboxylic acids
such as succinic, malic or citric may
be considered as possible alternatives
to DFO in the management of aluminum
accumulation. Ethylene-di-(o-hydroxyphenylacetic
acid)-like compounds may also have
potential as alternatives to DFO in
the treatment of aluminum accumulation
and aluminum-induced toxicity.
Investigation of new therapeutic
agents with lower toxicity than DFO
and clinical advantages in
administration and cost is clearly
encouraged.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 90189284
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Aluminum|*PO; Chelating Agents|AE/*TU
- MeSH Heading
- Deferoxamine|AE; Human
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE; REVIEW; REVIEW,
ACADEMIC
- ISSN
- 0731-3810
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Record
10 from database: MEDLINE
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- Title
- Acceptance of minerals and other
compounds by calcium-deprived rats:
24-h tests.
- Author
- Coldwell SE; Tordoff MG
- Address
- Monell Chemical Senses Center,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-3308,
USA.
- Source
- Am J Physiol, 1996 Jul, 271:1 Pt 2,
R1-10
- Abstract
- We measured 24-h spontaneous intake
of four to eight concentrations of 31
different solutions by groups of rats
fed control or low-calcium diets.
Relative to controls, those fed
low-calcium diet had increased
acceptance of one or more
concentrations of sodium chloride,
sodium acetate, and sodium
bicarbonate, but not sodium gluconate.
Differences in palatability between
these sodium salts were unimportant
because the rats fed low-calcium diet
consumed more sodium chloride even if
this was made less acceptable by
adulteration with citric acid. The
possibility that calcium-deprived rats
have an enhanced general cation or
mineral appetite was supported by
findings of increased acceptance of
one or more concentrations of nine of
ten chloride minerals tested (aluminum
chloride, ammonium chloride, ferric
chloride, ferrous chloride, magnesium
chloride, sodium chloride, potassium
chloride, strontium chloride, zinc
chloride). However, there were no
differences in acceptance of any
concentration of cesium chloride,
magnesium sulfate, or lead acetate.
Moreover, calcium-deprived rats drank
more hydrochloric acid and malic acid
than did controls. Thus the effect of
calcium deficiency on intake was not
confined to minerals. Acidity or
bitterness did not appear important
because there was no difference
between the groups in intake of
sulfuric acid, citric acid, or quinine
hydrochloride. Consistent with the
exacerbating effects of phosphates on
calcium deprivation, deprived rats had
decreased intakes of phosphates
(sodium phosphate, potassium
phosphate). However, they also had
decreased intakes of sucrose and
saccharin. It is clear that calcium
deprivation does not induce a general
increase in acceptance of all taste
solutions, but there appears to be no
simple explanation for what these
animals consume.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 96331480
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- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Appetite|*PH; Calcium|*DF;
Minerals|*
- MeSH Heading
- Acids; Animal; Chlorides; Male;
Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Sodium;
Sodium Chloride; Support, Non-U.S.
Gov't; Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.;
Time Factors; Weight Gain
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0002-9513
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
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