Calcium Technical Reports
This page deals with the type of calcium used within Vibrant Life's product,
Bone Dense Calcium. This is the only form of calcium ever proven to reverse
osteoporosis. Read the actual medical and scientific reports below. These are
available on the Internet, through the premium search service called HealthGate.
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Title
- Calcitriol dosage in osteomalacia, hypoparathyroidism and attempted treatment of
myositis ossificans progressiva.
- Author
- Stamp TC
- Source
- Curr Med Res Opin, 1981, 7:5, 316-36
- Abstract
- Mineral retention was measured during 39 metabolic balance studies in 34 patients with
nutritional osteomalacia or late rickets; they were divided into 5 treatment groups
consisting of oral vitamin D, artificial ultra-violet irradiation,
25-hydroxycholecalciferol (calcifediol), 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (alfacalcidol) and
1 alpha, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (calcitriol). With the 1 alpha-hydroxylated
derivatives, initial dosage of 2 to 6 micrograms daily was required to achieve optimal
healing rates by comparison with other responses. Mineral retention was markedly enhanced
by supplementation with microcrystalline hydroxyapatite compound
(MCHC); untreated X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets healed in 7 weeks on 10 micrograms
alfacalcidol daily and 6 grams MCHC daily without developing hypercalcaemia. By contrast,
adult-presenting hypophosphataemic osteomalacia developed early hypercalcaemia on the same
treatment; additional phosphate supplementation, without changing other treatment,
abolished hypercalcaemia and improved calcium retention. A long-term crossover trial of
the vitamins D in 6 patients with hypoparathyroidism suggested that relative potencies
were as follows (assigning to vitamin D an arbitrary potency of l): vitamin D2 (or D3) l:
dihydrotachysterol (DHT) 3: calcifediol 10: alfacalcidol 750: calcitriol 1500. The
two-fold superiority of calcitriol over alfacalcidol was evident. Calcifediol and vitamin
D controlled plasma calcium at comparable levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D
(25-OH-D), elevated 25-OH-D persisting at least 1 to 2 years after discontinuing long-term
(greater than 4 years) vitamin D. In 2 patients with myositis ossificans progressiva
treated with 10 to 20 micrograms calcitriol daily, hypercalcaemia was minimized by a
low-calcium diet supplemented with cellulose phosphate, suggesting that bone resorption
did not play a major role in vitamin D intoxication. Net mineral loss was documented in a
young male patient but not in a menopausal female, suggesting that calcitriol treatment
was not likely to produce post-menopausal osteoporosis.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 81187423
Title
- Morphogenesis of calcification in porcine bioprosthesis: insight from high resolution
electron microscopic investigation at molecular and atomic resolution.
- Author
- Lee YS
- Address
- Cardiovascular Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of
China.
- Source
- J Electron Microsc (Tokyo), 1993 Jun, 42:3, 156-65
- Abstract
- High resolution electron microscopy (HREM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray
microanalysis were used to investigate the morphogenesis of calcification in 28 explanted
porcine bioprosthetic heart valves. Different morphology and compositions of calcific
deposits were consistently observed in various valvular structures of all explanted
porcine bioprostheses. The most common forms of calcific deposits were present as
spherical particles and needle-shaped structures. HREM investigation of spherical
particles of calcium phosphate revealed very fine electron-dense dots about 0.3-1.0 nm in
diameter which were packed to form sphere-like clusters of about 2.0-3.5 nm in diameter in
the particles. HREM observations of the microneedle-shaped structures even as small as 1.9
nm in thickness could identify the lattice fringes with center-to-center spacings of about
0.8-0.9 nm. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis defined the components of needle-shaped
calcification as calcium and phosphorus in a ratio typical of hydroxyapatite
crystals. The calcific deposits in the collagen tissue have been shown to be at discrete
sites on or in the collagen fibrils as the spherical particles or homogeneous
electron-dense masses. Based on HREM observations of different types of morphogenesis of
calcification it is suggested that chemical processes of calcification accompanying the
deposition of calcium in the implanted bioprosthetic heart valves are specific to each
substrate system. The formation of amorphous calcium phosphate precursors and direct
deposition of microcrystalline hydroxyapatites are
considered to be the primary mechanisms of calcification occurring in implanted porcine
bioprostheses.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 93389374
Title
- C3 activation by monosodium urate monohydrate and other crystalline material.
- Author
- Hasselbacher P
- Source
- Arthritis Rheum, 1979 Jun, 22:6, 571-8
- Abstract
- Monosodium urate monohydrate (MSUM) is a potent activator of the complement system as
measured by electrophoretic conversion of beta1C to beta1A. Activation of C3 in human
serum by MSUM is both time- and dose-dependent. The sensitivity of the assay allows
detection of C3 activation by as little as 0.2 mg/ml of MSUM. It was observed that C3
activation is calcium dependent and elimination by both EDTA and EGTA, a finding that
demonstrated the major role of the classic pathway of complement activation. Excess
calcium or magnesium alone inhibited C3 activation by MSUM in accord with the inhibitory
effect of these cations on sensitized sheep cell hemolysis by complement. Heating of MSUM
at 200 degrees C for 2 hours removes the water of crystallization such that heated
crystals may no longer be considered MSUM. Such treatment has a variable effect on C3
activation. Of the crystals and other material studied, only zymosan was more potent than
MSUM in activating C3. Calcium prophosphate dihydrate and hydroxyapatite
activated significant amounts of C3. Asbestos, glass wool, or a variety of
microcrystalline steroids activated little or no C3.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 79209311
Title
- Calcium oxalate microcrystalline-associated arthritis in end-stage renal disease.
- Author
- Hoffman GS; Schumacher HR; Paul H; Cherian V; Reed R; Ramsay AG; Franck WA
- Source
- Ann Intern Med, 1982 Jul, 97:1, 36-42
- Abstract
- Chronic renal failure is known to be associated with secondary hyperoxalemia and the
deposition of calcium oxalate in visceral organs, bones, and cartilage. We report the
identification of calcium oxalate crystals in the synovial fluid of three patients with
chronic renal failure. In one patient, calcium oxalate crystals were also identified
within synovium and cartilage. Crystals were pleomorphic and bipyramidal. Some crystals
were rod-like and had positive birefringence, thus tending to be confused with calcium
pyrophosphate dihydrate when observed with only compensated polarized light microscopy. In
one patients asymptomatic effusions were associated with joint capsule calcification, but
otherwise normal knee radiographs. The other two patients had bilateral knee pain, one
having coexistent features of osteoarthritis and the other chondrocalcinosis. Samples of
proliferative synovium, joint capsule, and cartilage from the patient with
chondrocalcinosis showed abundant calcium oxalate crystals, and not calcium pyrophosphate
dihydrate or calcium hydroxyapatite. Thus, radiographically typical
chondrocalcinosis may be due to calcium oxalate. Joint disease in chronic renal failure
may be associated with calcium oxalate as well as the previously recognized apatite
deposition.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 82229173
- Title
Physiochemical characterization of cardiovascular calcified deposits. I. Isolation,
purification and instrumental analysis.
Author
Tomazic BB; Brown WE; Queral LA; Sadovnik M
Address
Paffenbarger Research Center, American Dental Association Health Foundation, National
Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, MD 20899.
Source
Atherosclerosis, 1988 Jan, 69:1, 5-19
Abstract
Calcified human aortic atherosclerotic deposits and calf ventricular assist device
bioprosthetic deposits were isolated and deproteinated by hydrazine treatment. Detailed
chemical and instrumental analyses were applied to gain comprehensive physicochemical
information which makes possible establishing compositional and structural similarities
between the 2 types of pathologic mineral deposits which form on different host surfaces.
These microcrystalline deposit materials are morphologically very heterogeneous and can be
represented chemically as carbonate substituted apatite which, in some of its properties,
significantly differs from hydroxyapatite. It is
indicated that the mechanism for the formation of cardiovascular deposits proceeds through
hydrolysis of octacalcium phosphate precursor.
Language of Publication
English
Unique Identifier
88183584
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