Scientific Reports
The reference was:
There is only one natural form of such calcium and it
HAS been subjected to many tests and scientific reports.
It’s called Microcrystalline Calcium
Hydroxyapatite, but you won’t find it in many stores; it is
mostly only sold by doctors.
See Br Med J, 2: 6145,1978 Oct 21, 1124,
Microcrystalline calcium hydroxyapatite compound in corticosteroid-treated rheumatoid
patients: a controlled study.
Curr Med Res Opin, 8:10, 1984, 734-42. Clinical trial of microcrystalline hydroxyapatite compound in the prevention of osteoporosis due to corticosteroid
therapy. This full report is shown below.
Postgrad Med J, 61: 719, 1985 Sep, 791-6. Microcrystalline hydroxyapatite compound in prevention of bone loss in corticosteroid-treated
patients wich chronic active hepatitis.
Osteoporos Int, 5:1, 1995 Jan, 30-4. Comparison of the
treatment effects of ossein-hydroxyapatite compound and calcium carbonate in osteoporotic
females.
Most of the research on this natural form of calcium was done many years
ago. Currently, with almost ALL such research dependent on grants from the Government or
from drug companies, you find almost nothing being published.
There are some actual abstracts of scientific studies which mention
microcrystalline hydroxyapatite below.
Return To The Article
- Title
- Calcitriol dosage in osteomalacia, hypoparathyroidism and attempted treatment of
myositis ossificans progressiva.
- Author
- Stamp TC
- Source
- Curr Med Res Opin, 7: 5, 1981, 316-36
- Abstract
- Mineral retention was measured during 39 metabolic balance studies in 34 patients with
nutritional osteomalacia or late rickets; they were divided into 5 treatment groups
consisting of oral vitamin D, artificial ultra-violet irradiation,
25-hydroxycholecalciferol (calcifediol), 1 alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (alfacalcidol) and
1 alpha, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (calcitriol). With the 1 alpha-hydroxylated
derivatives, initial dosage of 2 to 6 micrograms daily was required to achieve optimal
healing rates by comparison with other responses.
-
- Mineral retention was markedly enhanced by supplementation with
microcrystalline hydroxyapatite compound (MCHC);
-
- untreated X-linked hypophosphataemic rickets healed in 7 weeks on 10 micrograms
alfacalcidol daily and 6 grams MCHC daily without developing hypercalcaemia. By contrast,
adult-presenting hypophosphataemic osteomalacia developed early hypercalcaemia on the same
treatment; additional phosphate supplementation, without changing other treatment,
abolished hypercalcaemia and improved calcium retention. A long-term crossover trial of
the vitamins D in 6 patients with hypoparathyroidism suggested that relative potencies
were as follows (assigning to vitamin D an arbitrary potency of l): vitamin D2 (or D3) l:
dihydrotachysterol (DHT) 3: calcifediol 10: alfacalcidol 750: calcitriol 1500. The
two-fold superiority of calcitriol over alfacalcidol was evident. Calcifediol and vitamin
D controlled plasma calcium at comparable levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D
(25-OH-D), elevated 25-OH-D persisting at least 1 to 2 years after discontinuing long-term
(greater than 4 years) vitamin D. In 2 patients with myositis ossificans progressiva
treated with 10 to 20 micrograms calcitriol daily, hypercalcaemia was minimized by a
low-calcium diet supplemented with cellulose phosphate, suggesting that bone resorption
did not play a major role in vitamin D intoxication. Net mineral loss was documented in a
young male patient but not in a menopausal female, suggesting that calcitriol treatment
was not likely to produce post-menopausal osteoporosis.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 81187423
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Dihydroxycholecalciferols [PD/*TU]
Hydroxycholecalciferols [*TU]
Hypoparathyroidism [*DT]
Myositis Ossificans [*DT]
Osteomalacia [*DT]
- MeSH Heading
- Bone Resorption [DE]
Human
Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0300-7995
- Country of Publication
- ENGLAND
- CAS Registry/EC Number
- 0 (Dihydroxycholecalciferols)
0 (Hydroxycholecalciferols)
32222-06-3 (Calcitriol)
Return To The Images Version Of
Viewpoint #1
Return To The Article
- Title
- C3 activation by monosodium urate monohydrate and other crystalline material.
- Author
- Hasselbacher P
- Source
- Arthritis Rheum, 22: 6, 1979 Jun, 571-8
- Abstract
- Monosodium urate monohydrate (MSUM) is a potent activator of the complement system as
measured by electrophoretic conversion of beta1C to beta1A. Activation of C3 in human
serum by MSUM is both time- and dose-dependent. The sensitivity of the assay allows
detection of C3 activation by as little as 0.2 mg/ml of MSUM. It was observed that C3
activation is calcium dependent and elimination by both EDTA and EGTA, a finding that
demonstrated the major role of the classic pathway of complement activation. Excess
calcium or magnesium alone inhibited C3 activation by MSUM in accord with the inhibitory
effect of these cations on sensitized sheep cell hemolysis by complement. Heating of MSUM
at 200 degrees C for 2 hours removes the water of crystallization such that heated
crystals may no longer be considered MSUM. Such treatment has a variable effect on C3
activation. Of the crystals and other material studied, only zymosan was more potent than
MSUM in activating C3. Calcium prophosphate dihydrate and hydroxyapatite activated
significant amounts of C3. Asbestos, glass wool, or a variety of microcrystalline steroids
activated little or no C3.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 79209311
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Complement Activation [*DE]
Complement 3
Uric Acid [*PD]
- MeSH Heading
- Calcium [PD]
Edetic Acid [PD]
Egtazic Acid [PD]
Heat
Human
Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional
Magnesium [PD]
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0004-3591
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
Return To The Article
- Title
- Physiochemical characterization of cardiovascular calcified deposits. I. Isolation,
purification and instrumental analysis.
- Author
- Tomazic BB; Brown WE; Queral LA; Sadovnik M
- Address
- Paffenbarger Research Center, American Dental Association Health Foundation, National
Bureau of Standards, Gaithersburg, MD 20899.
- Source
- Atherosclerosis, 69: 1, 1988 Jan, 5-19
- Abstract
- Calcified human aortic atherosclerotic deposits and calf ventricular assist device
bioprosthetic deposits were isolated and deproteinated by hydrazine treatment. Detailed
chemical and instrumental analyses were applied to gain comprehensive physicochemical
information which makes possible establishing compositional and structural similarities
between the 2 types of pathologic mineral deposits which form on different host surfaces.
These microcrystalline deposit materials are morphologically very heterogeneous and can be
represented chemically as carbonate substituted apatite which, in some of its properties,
significantly differs from hydroxyapatite. It is indicated that the mechanism for the
formation of cardiovascular deposits proceeds through hydrolysis of octacalcium phosphate
precursor.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 88183584
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Arteriosclerosis [*CO]
Atherosclerosis [*CO/PA]
Calcinosis [ET/*PA]
- MeSH Heading
- Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Animal
Aorta [AN/UL]
Apatites [AN/CL]
Calcium Phosphates [AN]
Chemistry
Foreign-Body Reaction [ET]
Heart-Assist Devices [AE]
Human
Middle Age
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9150
- Country of Publication
- NETHERLANDS
- CAS Registry/EC Number
- 0 (Apatites)
0 (Calcium Phosphates)
13767-12-9 (octacalcium phosphate)
55326-60-8 (carboapatite)
Return To The Article
- Title
- Morphogenesis of calcification in porcine bioprosthesis: insight from high resolution
electron microscopic investigation at molecular and atomic resolution.
- Author
- Lee YS
- Address
- Cardiovascular Department, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of
China.
- Source
- J Electron Microsc (Tokyo), 42: 3, 1993 Jun, 156-65
- Abstract
- High resolution electron microscopy (HREM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray
microanalysis were used to investigate the morphogenesis of calcification in 28 explanted
porcine bioprosthetic heart valves. Different morphology and compositions of calcific
deposits were consistently observed in various valvular structures of all explanted
porcine bioprostheses. The most common forms of calcific deposits were present as
spherical particles and needle-shaped structures. HREM investigation of spherical
particles of calcium phosphate revealed very fine electron-dense dots about 0.3-1.0 nm in
diameter which were packed to form sphere-like clusters of about 2.0-3.5 nm in diameter in
the particles. HREM observations of the microneedle-shaped structures even as small as 1.9
nm in thickness could identify the lattice fringes with center-to-center spacings of about
0.8-0.9 nm. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis defined the components of needle-shaped
calcification as calcium and phosphorus in a ratio typical of hydroxyapatite crystals. The
calcific deposits in the collagen tissue have been shown to be at discrete sites on or in
the collagen fibrils as the spherical particles or homogeneous electron-dense masses.
Based on HREM observations of different types of morphogenesis of calcification it is
suggested that chemical processes of calcification accompanying the deposition of calcium
in the implanted bioprosthetic heart valves are specific to each substrate system. The
formation of amorphous calcium phosphate precursors and direct deposition of
microcrystalline hydroxyapatites are considered to be the primary mechanisms of
calcification occurring in implanted porcine bioprostheses.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 93389374
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Bioprosthesis [*AE]
Calcinosis [ET/ME/*PA]
Heart Valve Prosthesis [*AE]
Microscopy, Electron [*MT]
- MeSH Heading
- Animal
Calcium [AN]
Collagen [CH/UL]
Crystallization
Electron Probe Microanalysis
Human
Hydroxyapatites [AN]
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Phosphorus [AN]
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0022-0744
- Country of Publication
- JAPAN
- CAS Registry/EC Number
- 0 (Hydroxyapatites)
1306-06-5 (Durapatite)
7440-70-2 (Calcium)
7723-14-0 (Phosphorus)
9007-34-5 (Collagen)
Return To The Article
- Title
- Formation and properties of a synthetic bone composite: hydroxyapatite-collagen.
- Author
- TenHuisen KS; Martin RI; Klimkiewicz M; Brown PW
- Address
- Intercollege Materials Research Laboratory, Penn State University, University Park
16802, USA.
- Source
- J Biomed Mater Res, 29: 7, 1995 Jul, 803-10
- Abstract
- Composites composed of microcrystalline calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (HAp) and
collagen were formed at 38 degrees C via an acid-base reaction between calcium phosphate
precursors in the presence of a collagen matrix. Formation of composites having
HAp:collagen weight ratios of 4.5:1, 11:1, and 22:1, along with that of pure mineral were
investigated. Isothermal calorimetry and X-ray diffraction indicated complete reaction
within 5 h resulting in hardened monoliths. The rate of HAp formation increased with an
increase in the proportion of collagen present. Electron microscopy indicated that the
acceleratory effect of collagen was associated with the provision of nucleation sites for
HAp crystallization. Analysis of the solution chemistry also showed that collagen affected
the calcium and phosphate concentrations and the pH. While collagen was shown to effect
the kinetics of HAp formation, the rate limiting step, as shown by X-ray diffraction and
solution chemistry, was the dissolution of the acidic calcium phosphate precursor, CaHPO4.
Preliminary mechanical data indicated that the Young's modulus, yield strength, and work
to fracture were at the lower end of the range of those values reported for bone. The
porosities observed in these composites suggest that they might be osteoinductive while
their compositions should allow their eventual resorption. Thus, microstructure, kinetics,
and mechanical data suggest that these composites might be suitable as bone substitutes
which form in vivo.
- Language of Publication
- English
- Unique Identifier
- 96078242
- MeSH Heading (Major)
- Bone and Bones [*CH]
Collagen [*CH]
Hydroxyapatites [*CH]
- MeSH Heading
- Biocompatible Materials
Calcium [AN]
Calorimetry
Kinetics
Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
Phosphates [AN]
Porosity
Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Surface Properties
X-Ray Diffraction
- Publication Type
- JOURNAL ARTICLE
- ISSN
- 0021-9304
- Country of Publication
- UNITED STATES
- CAS Registry/EC Number
- 0 (Biocompatible Materials)
0 (Hydroxyapatites)
0 (Phosphates)
7440-70-2 (Calcium)
9007-34-5 (Collagen)
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